Sesta Conferenza OMS Ambiente e Salute

…environmental degradation and pollution, climate change, exposure to harmful chemicals and the destabilization of ecosystems threaten the right to health, and disproportionately affect socially disadvantaged and vulnerable population groups , thereby exacerbating inequalities…. 
Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health, Ostrava, Czech Republic, 15 June 2017

by Daniele Dionisio

Membro, European Parliament Working Group on Innovation, Access to Medicines and Poverty-Related Diseases

Responsabile del Progetto Policies for Equitable Access to Health – PEAH http://www.peah.it/

Sesta Conferenza OMS Ambiente e Salute

equità e condivisione 

 

Il governo della Repubblica Ceca ha ospitato nella città di Ostrava dal 13 al 15 giugno 2017 la Sesta Conferenza Interministeriale su Ambiente e Salute della Regione Europea dell’OMS.

La Conferenza è stata organizzata dall’Ufficio Regionale OMS per l’Europa, in partenariato con l’ United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) e l’ United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

Le priorità e le sfide per la salute

Le motivazioni della Conferenza discendono dall’evidenza che circa un milione e mezzo di decessi ogni anno nella Regione Europea sono causati da rischi ambientali che potrebbero essere evitati e/o eliminati. E’, pertanto, indilazionabile la necessità di intensificare il contrasto ai determinanti ambientali nocivi alla salute. Come è noto, essi includono l’inquinamento dell’aria, inadeguati servizi idrici e igienici, prodotti chimici pericolosi, rifiuti e siti contaminati, e scompensi climatici.

I vincoli di bilancio degli Stati Membri, le disuguaglianze socioeconomiche e di genere, la crescita delle patologie non trasmissibili, l’invecchiamento delle popolazioni, e un inaudito tasso di migrazione fra e dentro i Paesi della Regione hanno esacerbato cumulativamente le criticità  accennate. I complessi rapporti fra fattori ambientali, biologici, demografici, economici e sociali richiamano perciò all’urgenza di rafforzare la capacità di resistenza delle comunità verso le pressioni fisiche, naturali e sociali del 21mo secolo.

Nel corso della Conferenza i rappresentanti dei  53 Paesi della Regione hanno articolato nuove risposte a queste molteplici sfide elaborando sull’evidenza che la salvaguardia dell’ambiente è essenziale alla sopravvivenza dell’umanità. In questo spirito, accenti forti sono stati assunti sulla valenza transfrontaliera delle sfide ambientali, sulla necessità di azioni mirate non solo a livello nazionale, ma pure in ambito subnazionale e urbano, sull’importanza di identificare e tutelare le fasce più vulnerabili, e sulla imprescindibilità di una ‘governance’ aperta alla partecipazione dei cittadini e degli operatori di settore.

Lavorare in partenariato verso obiettivi globali

La Conferenza ha abbracciato la missione di promuovere sinergie chiave per gli obiettivi di salute, benessere e ambiente inclusi nel Programma ‘Health 2020’ per l’Europa e nell’Agenda 2030 delle Nazioni Unite (UN) per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile.

Focalizzando, infatti, sulla creazione di ambienti favorevoli e di comunità resistenti (fra i temi cardine di ‘Health 2020’), la Conferenza ha inteso assegnare alla strategia europea per la salute e l’ambiente il ruolo di piattaforma di implementazione, nella Regione Europea dell’ OMS, per gli inerenti goals e targets compresi nell’Agenda UN 2030 per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile.

Dichiarazione ministeriale per un’Europa protesa al futuro

Al termine della Conferenza gli Stati Membri hanno condiviso e siglato una dichiarazione comprensiva di un piano d’azione per la sua implementazione e dell’impegno di misurare e riferire sui progressi specifici attraverso i ‘reporting’ nazionali previsti per la verifica dei Goals di Sviluppo Sostenibile (SDGs) dell’Agenda UN 2030.

In armonia con lo spirito ed i contenuti della Conferenza, la Dichiarazione insiste sulla necessità che equità, inclusione sociale e uguaglianza di genere informino le politiche per l’ambiente e la salute, sull’urgenza della transizione da energie fossili a rinnovabili,  e sull’assoluta esigenza di tecnologie pulite e sicure, incluse soluzioni di ‘bassa emissione’ nei trasporti, nel contesto di un ridisegno coerente degli spazi e agglomerati urbani.

Particolare enfasi è posta dalla Dichiarazione su azioni chiave quali ‘sine qua non’ per il conseguimento degli obiettivi:

– miglioramento della qualità dell’aria  in linea con le linee guida OMS

-accesso universale, equo e sostenibile ad acqua potabile e  igiene personale e ambientale per tutti e in tutti gli ambiti

-lotta agli effetti tossici dei prodotti chimici mediante sostituzione con alternative accettabili, con stretta attenzione alle fasce più giovani e indifese

-sviluppo di programmi nazionali per l’eliminazione delle malattie legate all’asbesto

-espansione di  ambienti ‘tobacco smoke-free’, con particolare riguardo alla minore età

-prevenzione  ed eliminazione degli effetti nefasti dello smaltimento dei rifiuti, e delle connesse diseguaglianze

-applicazione in concreto dei principi e delle risoluzioni dell’Accordo sul Clima di Parigi 2015

-implementazione di coerenti ed efficaci politiche attraverso multipli livelli di ‘governance’, trasparenti assunzioni di responsabilità e migliori pratiche da parte delle leadership

-perfezionata  sostenibilità ambientale dei sistemi sanitari, inclusa la gestione dei rifiuti in termini di ridotta contaminazione esterna, oltre all’uso oculato e responsabile delle necessarie risorse e fonti energetiche.

Appropriatamente, il documento sostiene che le risoluzioni e azioni ‘ad hoc’  non possono esimersi dall’ adozione di mentalità e prassi  cooperative e multi-partecipative tese a migliorare, su base intersettoriale, la coerenza, la trasparenza, la coordinazione e la volontà collaborativa dei decisori a tutti i livelli al fine di scongiurare il rischio di duplicazione e frammentazione delle iniziative.

 

PER APPROFONDIRE

WHO Regional Office for Europe http://www.euro.who.int/en/home

United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) https://www.unece.org/info/ece-homepage.html

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) http://www.unep.org/about/

Health 2020 http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-policy/health-2020-the-european-policy-for-health-and-well-being

United Nations 2030 Agenda https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld/publication

Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health http://www.euro.who.int/en/media-centre/events/events/2017/06/sixth-ministerial-conference-on-environment-and-health/read-more

Declaration of the Sixth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/341944/OstravaDeclaration_SIGNED.pdf

 

 

 

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Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

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Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 249

 

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Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 248

 

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Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 247

 

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Wide Area Malaria Vector Suppression

Richard Howe writes: Only one aircraft equipped with a pair of high pressure aerosol generators would be capable of treating over one million acres per night, using only 1/10 of the recommended amount of insecticide

By Richard Howe

 Application Dynamics 

School of hard knocks, aviation trades, pilot and aircraft mechanic

Punta Gorda, Florida USA

Disclaimer: The views expressed in this opinion piece are solely those of the author and are not associated with Policies for Equitable Access to Health - PEAH. PEAH refuses any responsibility or liability for the content, style or form of this post, which remain solely the responsibility of the author

Wide Area Malaria Vector Suppression 

 

Africa is the only continent that has not defeated malaria, and a host of vector-borne pathogens. Why not?

The endemic nature of this problem is due to ineffective intervention methods, that only exacerbate attempts to eliminate vector transmission by inducing resistance to insecticides, creating super bugs in the process. The solution, wide area vector suppression for the purpose of breaking the transmission cycle long enough to eliminate the ability of humans to infect the mosquitoes. Here in Florida where I live, up until about 1950 there was transmission of malaria, smallpox and dengue. The mosquitoes that transmitted these diseases are still here, however modern mosquito control methods removed pathogens from the human population who in turn, used to infected the mosquitoes.

The solution, quit squandering limited resources on ineffective interventions and dedicate them for elimination of the mosquito. How do you accomplish this? Using an aircraft equipped with a pair of high pressure aerosol generators. This method is capable of treating over one million acres per night using only one aircraft, dispensing insecticide. The system I would use has a demonstrated ability to accomplish this task using only 1/10 of the recommended amount of insecticide. The reason this works at dramatically reduced rates has to do with the fact it is a relatively new, and patented technology, that I have 20 million acres of experience with.

UNICEF reports 300,000 children die of malaria each year in Nigeria, in addition to a 11% maternal mortality. Harvard Health Policy Review, fall of 2001 Vol 2, reports 300 million cases of malaria annually in Nigeria with 2 to 3 million deaths. Humans are the smartest animals on God’s green Earth. Over a century ago a couple of bicycle mechanics invented the airplane. The first flight was only 123 feet, now you can get on an airliner and fly with 500 other people half way around the world on one tank of gas. 48 years ago my future wife and I were at Cape Canaveral and witnessed the launch of Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin on mankind’s first trip to the moon. And we are not capable of eliminating vector transmission of one of the smallest insects in the world. This oversight is not a question of ability, but will, in my opinion. It is imperative, we work smart and not hard. From my perspective, what the NGO community is doing is like watching an episode of the 1920’s film version of the Keystone Cops. To keep doing the same thing and expecting different results is, as Albert Einstein said, one definition of insanity. What is trending now are vaccines to accomplish elimination of vector diseases. Scientists have been working on this since World War 2 and it has not happened yet. These viruses and parasites are just too adaptable. In my opinion it is a fool’s errand. The Gates Foundation is spending hundreds of millions of dollars on this project that could be better utilized to simply break the transmission cycle. The cost of wide area vector suppression will only be a few pennies an acre, using the enhanced technology and application methods that I have developed over the years.

I would like to recommend a pilot program to prove concept. This should be done in the most endemic area of Nigeria, perhaps in the Southwestern part of the Country. Operationally it is imperative to find an insecticide that has not developed resistance. This presents a challenge because over the years every class of insecticide used in Africa has become resistant. I suspect we may have to formulate  a new compound for this effort, we are not going to win the war shooting blank ammunition. I have some ideas on how this can be accomplished and am confident it is possible.

The question, is the NGO community up to the challenge?

 

Health Breaking News: Link 246

Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 246

 

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OMS Assemblea Mondiale 2017

‘I envision a world in which everyone can lead healthy and productive lives, regardless of who they are or where they live. I believe the global commitment to sustainable development – enshrined in the Sustainable Development Goals – offers a unique opportunity to address the social, economic and political determinants of health and improve the health and wellbeing of people everywhere’

Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus WHO’s Director General

by Daniele Dionisio

Membro, European Parliament Working Group on Innovation, Access to Medicines and Poverty-Related Diseases

Responsabile Progetto Policies for Equitable Access to Health – PEAH 

70ma Assemblea Mondiale OMS Risoluzioni Principali

 

Dal 22 al 31 maggio scorso Ginevra ha ospitato i lavori della 70ma Assemblea Mondiale OMS. Fervido di dibattito e di partecipazione, l’evento si è concluso con diverse risoluzioni adottate dagli stati membri, tra cui quella inerente la diagnosi, la terapia e la prevenzione delle malattie cancerose. Al riguardo, i governi sono stati chiamati all’implementazione dei programmi nazionali di prevenzione e controllo oncologico, oltre alla promozione di ricerca sul campo per cure basate sull’equità di accesso, mentre all’OMS è stata richiesta fattiva collaborazione con attori esterni per lo sviluppo di nuovi presidi farmacologici efficaci e alla portata di tutti.

Tra le altre risoluzioni adottate, è da menzionare quella relativa all’impegno dei governi per l’integrazione, la prevenzione  e l’assistenza per la sordità e la perdita dell’udito.

L’Assemblea ha inoltre eletto il nuovo Direttore Generale OMS nella persona  del Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, già ministro della salute e degli affari esteri in Etiopia.

Di seguito una selezione delle restanti decisioni assunte dall’Assemblea:

  • Incremento del 3% delle contribuzioni all’OMS da parte degli stati membri

Come effetto, il budget programmatico dell’Agenzia per il biennio 2018-2019 è salito a 4.421,5 milioni di dollari (inclusivi di 28 milioni di dollari corrispondenti al suddetto 3%). in linea con gli Obiettivi di Sviluppo Sostenibile (SDGs), ciò consentirà maggiori investimenti per il nuovo ‘Health Emergencies Programme’ di OMS (69,1 milioni di dollari) e per la lotta contro la resistenza microbica agli antibiotici (23,2 milioni di dollari).

Sebbene sensibilmente inferiore al 10% di incremento sperato dall’Agenzia, il compromesso ha comunque consentito ad OMS prospettive di maggiore operatività ed autonomia (con augurabile parziale svincolo dai condizionamenti imposti dai donatori privati). Sarà compito del Direttore Generale vigilare sulla continuità dei finanziamenti pubblici nel prossimo biennio.

  • Nuova agenda programmatica per l’ufficio regionale OMS per l’Africa

I nuovi programmi, volti alla soluzione di problematiche tuttora endemiche in molti Paesi del continente, includeranno particolare attenzione alla salute adolescenziale e alla realizzazione di efficaci piani di approccio alle emergenze sanitarie.

Contestualmente, l’OMS aiuterà I Paesi nello sviluppo di strategie e soluzioni basate sull’evidenza per le tossicodipendenze,  i disturbi mentali, le necessità di immunizzazione, e i servizi per la salute riproduttiva e sessuale nell’ambito dei programmi mirati agli adolescenti. L’Agenzia aprirà nel 2018-2019 centri qualificati per la formazione delle comunità in tema di emergenze sanitarie.

Le attività menzionate includeranno pragmatici indicatori di performance in ordine all’ appropriatezza e all’efficacia gestionale dei singoli programmi.

  • Implementazione dei piani di azione contro la resistenza microbica

Preso atto dei progressi, i delegati hanno condiviso la necessità che gli sforzi comprendano, oltre allo sviluppo di nuovi antibiotici, migliori capacità diagnostiche e di prevenzione, e il rafforzamento dei sistemi sanitari. Contestualmente, è stata adottata una risoluzione per il controllo della sepsi, quale condizione a rischio vita di solito determinata da infezioni batteriche. La risoluzione richiede ad OMS di esercitare azione guida sulla prevenzione e gestione degli eventi settici, e di supportare i Paesi nell’acquisizione e consolidamento di capacità, strategie e mezzi idonei alla riduzione dei casi di sepsi. OMS dovrà collaborare con le altre Agenzie delle Nazioni Unite anche al fine di realizzare terapie sicure e di qualità  e renderle equamente fruibili da tutti.

  • Accesso alle medicine

Questa tematica è stata oggetto di forti contrasti per il desiderio di alcuni stati membri (es. India) che fosse inserito nell’agenda assembleare il report finale dell’UN High Level Panel on Access to Medicines del settembre 2016, nonostante l’ostilità di altri (es. USA, Regno Unito, Giappone). Alla fine l’Assemblea ha posposto la tematica all’ordine del giorno dell’ OMS Executive Board Meeting del prossimo gennaio 2018.

  • Collaborazione OMS/ILO/OECD

Gli stati membri hanno aderito a un piano quinquennale di collaborazione fra OMS, International Labor Organization (ILO) e Organization for Economic  Cooperation and Development (OECD) per migliorare il divario fra la realtà presente e le attese circa la forza lavoro necessaria per la salute pubblica, specialmente nei Paesi a risorse limitate.  Se le risorse umane sono indispensabili per gli SDGs correlati alla salute, difficilmente essi saranno conseguiti con l’attuale deficit di 17 milioni di operatori sanitari globali (medici, infermieri e ostetriche inclusi).

  • Polio

Preso atto che la sfida consiste nel come eradicare gli ultimi casi di polio pianificando nel contempo l’abbandono di programmi esclusivamente centrati sulla malattia, un ‘polio transition planning document’ è stato rilasciato da OMS durante i lavori assembleari. Il documento illustra potenziali rischi – finanziari, programmatici e di staff – connessi all’accantonamento della propria ‘Global Polio Eradication Initiative’ (GPEI). GPEI è infatti così embricata con altri programmi vaccinali (ma pure di sorveglianza e di ‘laboratory funding’) da prevedersi, in caso di dismissione, pesanti battute d’arresto in campagne vaccinali per morbillo, rosolia, difterite, tetano e pertosse, che sono essenziali nei Paesi in transizione dalla polio. L’Africa ne sarebbe particolarmente colpita poiché il 90 percento circa delle infrastrutture e staff dedicati alle vaccinazioni è finanziato tramite GPEI.

 

PER APPROFONDIRE

8 takeaways from the 70h World Health Assembly https://www.devex.com/news/8-takeaways-from-the-70th-world-health-assembly-90362

The next WHO director-general is Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus https://www.devex.com/news/the-next-who-director-general-is-tedros-adhanom-ghebreyesus-90330

Nuovi Obiettivi di Sviluppo Sostenibile: Zoppi senza Radicali Svolte di ‘Governance’ http://www.peah.it/2015/10/nuovi-obiettivi-di-sviluppo-sostenibile-zoppi-senza-radicali-svolte-di-governance/

Tedros’ fundraising strategy for WHO, global health https://www.devex.com/news/tedros-fundraising-strategy-for-who-global-health-90364

WHO: polio transition planning http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA70/A70_14Add1-en.pdf

Global polio eradication initiative http://polioeradication.org/

THE UNITED NATIONS SECRETARY-GENERAL’S HIGH-LEVEL PANEL ON ACCESS TO MEDICINES REPORT: final report http://www.unsgaccessmeds.org/final-report/

Antibiotico-resistenza: l’impegno di OMS http://www.toscanamedica.org/95-toscana-medica/politiche-per-l-equo-accesso-alla-salute/491-antibiotico-resistenza-l-impegno-dell-oms

 

 

Health Breaking News: Link 245

Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 245

 

UN political forum opens with focus on eradicating poverty and forming partnerships 

4 takeaways from the African Union summit 

G20 Summit Declaration and other documents 

G20: US abandons climate consensus 

Funding Climate Resilience Benefits All Nations – Yes, the U.S. Too 

EU RESEARCH POLICY FOR PEACE, PEOPLE AND PLANET A Civil Society perspective on the next EU Research Framework Programme (FP9) 

To Improve Global Health, Bloomberg Looks to Cities to Lead 

Trump abortion crackdown risks stoking Nigeria’s population boom 

Trump’s ‘Mexico City Policy’ or ‘Global Gag Rule’  

What the World Bank’s shift from public to private funding means for development 

How to make global universal healthcare a reality 

How venture capital can help finance the SDGs 

Suing The Food And Drug Administration To Reform Its Oversight Of Food Additives 

Poor-quality medicine: A global pandemic 

ReAct withdraws from IMI project DRIVE-AB  

Opinion: Investment in agriculture is at the heart of sustainable development success 

Deaf in North and South 

Thirty Million People Face Starvation Right Now. Are Funders Paying Attention? 

Tech companies wage war on disease-carrying mosquitoes 

New global vector control response at World Health Assembly 

Developing multi-sectoral approaches to prevent and control vector-borne diseases 

Critical research findings for dengue – fostering the arbovirus research agenda 

WHO: end of Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo 

How the Democratic Republic of the Congo Beat Ebola in 42 Days 

Opinion: To fight the next Ebola, the G20 need to empower people to respond to everyday challenges  

Cholera Spreads as War and Poverty Batter Yemen 

TB report: Out of Step 2017 

How Can We Eliminate TB If We Keep Settling For Less? 

BRICS HEALTH MINISTERS AGREE TO STRENGTHEN HEALTH SYSTEMS TO RESPOND TO HIV 

MSF: HIV response in West and Central Africa will not succeed if key barriers remain unaddressed 

23-26 July 2017, Paris, France: 9th IAS Conference news 

The Messenger Also Matters: Value-Based Payment Can Support Outreach To Vulnerable Populations 

UNPO newsletter: June 2017 edition

Health Breaking News: Link 244

Health Breaking News Links, as part of the research project PEAH (Policies for Equitable Access to Health), aim to focus on the latest challenges by trade and governments rules to equitable access to health in resource-limited settings

Health Breaking News: Link 244

 

21.06.2017 ECOSOC humanitarian affairs segment 

Yes Member States, the EU must be a leader in sustainable development 

U.N. Chief Warns U.S. of Risks of Rejecting Leadership Role 

Open Access Policy In International Organisations 

‘Will It Work Here?’: Health Systems Need Contextual Evidence Before Adopting Innovations 

4 political errors to avoid in achieving water and sanitation for all 

Do Weak Governments Doom Developing Countries to Poverty? 

World Bank is reinventing itself as a broker for private finance but that puts poverty reduction at risk  

Access to drugs: manifesto cooperating Political Youth Organisations & partners 

The Trump Executive Order on drug prices: not what was promised nor needed, and contrary to US self interest  

Sandoz v. Amgen: What The Court Settled, What It Didn’t, And What Might Come Next 

China-Backed AIIB Touts Growth, Sustainability 

‘Novo Nordisk’s Changing Diabetes Aid Programme Exacerbates Issues of Insulin Access, and Must End for Compulsory Licensing to be Effective’ by Rebecca Barlow-Noone 

Michael Bloomberg uses burden of disease data to focus attention on NCDs 

At Risk: Can Funders Preserve Momentum in the AIDS Fight? 

Final Offensive: About That Big Global Pledge on Polio 

Ending Polio in Conflict Zones 

Polio eradication gets financial boost but suffers setbacks in Syria and Congo 

Polio Paralyzes 17 Children in Syria, W.H.O. Says  

Clinical trial for a better treatment for mycetoma starts in Sudan 

‘A long and gruelling seven years and now it is over’ 

Number Of Ethiopians Needing Food Aid Could Double To 16M Next Month, Aid Workers Warn 

FAO warns of tilapia virus as outbreak spreads 

A Regional Funder Giving Where Food, Health, and Environment Meet 

Parliament strengthens 2030 climate and energy package 

Opinion: Invest in midwives to improve global health 

A New Definition Of Health Equity To Guide Future Efforts And Measure Progress 

Building Sustainable Partnerships To Improve Access To Breast Cancer Treatment For Uninsured Women 

World Refugee Day: WHO training enables Syrian doctors and nurses to provide health care in Turkey 

CALL TO CLOSE LIBYAN SLAVE MARKETS 

UNICEF names first goodwill ambassador who is a refugee 

ANDI 2017 CALL FOR APPLICATIONS Project Based Training and Fellowship on Project and Intellectual Property (IP) Management for Health Technology Innovation in Africa 

Tobacco makers denounce ‘brand theft’ from plain packaging 

Taxing sugary drinks would boost productivity, not just health